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Gupta, B. N.
- Seed Source Variation as Observed under Scanning Electron Microscope in Leaf Characters of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.
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Indian Forester, Vol 130, No 5 (2004), Pagination: 498-512Abstract
Twenty seed sources of Dalbergia sisson Roxb. Scattered over a wide range of its occurrence in India were studied for the pattern of variation in micro leaf characters, viz., upper stomatal frequency, lower stomatal frequency, upper stomatal size and lower stomatal size under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The subjective observations were also recorded on other micro leaf characters such as nature and type of cuticle, stomatal openings and presence of macro/micro-hairs. The results revealed the presence of highly significant variations among the characters studied. All the quantitative characters observed under SEM showed higher values for genotypic variance and genotypic coefficient of variation as compared to the corresponding values of environmental variance and environmental caefficient of variation. There were also accompanied by high values of heritability and large amounts of genetic gain, indicating that these parameters are under strong genetic control, which can be exploited successfully for selection and further genetic improvement in this species. Lower values of stomatal frequency on lower leaf surface were recorded in the seed sources from Muzaffarnagar, Lucknow, Hyderabad and Kanpur, which has performed well in the filed. This is explained by the fact that the low stomatal frequency ofthe lower surface has led to conservation of moisture in the plants being tested under un-irrigated and semi-arid conditions. This has resulted into enhanced growth in these seed sources. The thickness of cuticle also appears to have contributed to the control of water loss from the underlying cells.
- Genetic Variation in Biochemical Contents in Foliage of Twenty Seed Sources of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb
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Indian Forester, Vol 128, No 7 (2002), Pagination: 726-737Abstract
Twenty seed sources of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. scattered over a wide range ofits occurrence in India were studied for the pattern of biochemical characters in foliage , viz. , total protein , proline , polyphenols , starch and total carbohydrate. The results revealed the presence of highly significant variations among the characters studied except starch content. Genotypic coefficients of variance and variability were large compared to the environmental coefficients of variance and variability for total protein , proline , polyphenols and total carbohydrate , indicating that these are under genetic control. Starch content was observed to be under the influence of environment. The estimates of heritability and expected genetic gain were high for all characters , except starch content , which registered lower values of heritability and genetic gain. The correlations of starch content with survival and growth at phenotypic level were positive and significant. The seed sources from Lucknow and Muzaffarnagar exhibited good performance and are recommended for immediate planting programmes in this region.- Preliminary Observations on Genetic Variability and Character Association in Dalbergia sissoo Roxb
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Indian Forester, Vol 126, No 6 (2000), Pagination: 608-615Abstract
Twenty provenances/seed sources of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. scattered over a wide range of its natural occurrence in India were studied for the pattern of genetic variation and character association after two and a half years of field planting in a statistically laid out trial. The results revealed the presence of highly significant variations among the provenances for height, number of branches and survival per cent. There are fair differences between phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variability indicating that these parameters are sensitive to environmental changes. The estimates of heritability and expected genetic gain were low to moderate for all the characters, except number of branches which registered comparatively higher values of heritability (61.95%) and genetic gain (28.45%). The correlations among most ofthe characters at phenotypic level were positive and significant indicating that simultaneous improvement of these characters can be brought about easily. The provenances from Lucknow and Muzaffernagar exhibited good growth performance and are recommended for immediate planting programmes in this region until the final results are obtained.- An Improved Method for Selection of Seed Stands for Conversion into Seed Production Areas
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Indian Forester, Vol 124, No 11 (1998), Pagination: 918-924Abstract
No suitable methods were available for selection of seed stands of unknown origin for conversion into seed production areas. The method described in this paper will be suitable for stands of unknown origin.- Analysis of Forest Vegetation in the Permanent Preservation Plot of Tamna in Orissa
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Indian Forester, Vol 123, No 11 (1997), Pagination: 1007-1016Abstract
Shorea robusta is dominant in preserved and unpreserved areas having maximum IVI, density, frequency and abundance. The higher value of diversity index in preserved plot than unpreserved one indicates more stable community in the preserved plot. The distribution of tree species in this forest is characterised by random and regular distribution. The population structure of tree species is represented mainly by two patterns. One pattern is represented by greater proportion of individuals in seedling stage indicating frequent reproduction. Another pattern indicates individuals in intermediate girth classes, wherein disturbances prevent regeneration thereby absence of seedlings. If such a trend continues for longer period, these species may disappear from this area in near future.- Progeny Test in Teak
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Indian Forester, Vol 122, No 3 (1996), Pagination: 229-234Abstract
Basic information on the magnitude and type of gene action, heritability, genetic advance and genetic interrelationships among the characters of economic importance is of paramount importance in formulating a meaningful breeding strategy in any species. Teak, the most important timber species, is receiving much attention of the workers and genetic improvement are being taken up at various levels. In this paper an attempt has been made to review the present status of knowledge on different genetic parameters noted above.- An Account of Preservation Plots in Central India
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Indian Forester, Vol 120, No 9 (1994), Pagination: 844-859Abstract
Identification of representative areas of Chief Forest Type to be maintained as preservation plots was started after the recommendation of the IIIrd All India Silvicultural Conference,1929. The process continued and by 1991,309 preservation plots were laid in India covering an area of about 8500 ha. However, there is a lot of variation in the area under preservation plots. In Himachal Pradesh the smallest preservation plot covering 0.01 ha has been marked while it is as large as 4000 ha in Assam. The paper discusses view points of various workers in this regard. The status of preservation plots in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Orissa states has been explained. While recommendations for laying preservation plots in different forest types were made at various occasions. Dot much could be achieved and at present not more than 1/6th of the total number of forest types have been covered. Laying preservation plot in every forest types for providing grounds for scientific studies especially in view of the global recognisation of conservation of environment and biodiversity has been emphasised.- Effect of Inoculation of VAM Fungi and Rhizobium on Growth and Biomass Production in Acacia nilotica in Nursery
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Indian Forester, Vol 120, No 12 (1994), Pagination: 1089-1094Abstract
Seedlings of Acacia nilotica were inoculated with Rhizobium strain, isolated from nodules of the same species, VAM fungi and single dose of nitrogen and phosphorus in unsterilized soil in nursery condition. A single species of VAM fungus, Glomus mosseae and a mixture of VAM fungi locally isolated, consisting of Glomus species and a Gigaspora sp. Were used to inoculate the seedlings. Height growth, collar diameter, nodulation, percentage ischolar_main infection by VAM fungi, fresh and dry weights of shoot and ischolar_mains were determined after 4 months of inoculation. Inoculation of Rhizobium and VAM fungi and application of nitrogen and phosphorus singly or in different combinations enhanced the growth and biomass production as compared to uninoculated (control) seedlings. Maximum seedlings volume (height x ischolar_main collar diameter2) was found in seedlings inoculated with G. mosseae and Rhizobium in combination, as well as Rhizobium and phosphorus combination followed by mixed inoculum of VAM fungi. Maximum total dry biomass was recorded in seedlings treated with a combination of mixture of VAM fungi, Rhizobium VAM mixed and phosphorus. It is concluded that inoculation of VAM fungi, Rhizobium singly or in combination is equally or more beneficial over use of chemical fertilizers in raising the seedlings of Acacia nilotica.- Recovery of Scantlings from Eucalyptus Logs-II
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Indian Forester, Vol 115, No 2 (1989), Pagination: 98-104Abstract
Study was carried out on the recovery of sawn scantlings of 10.16 cm × 5.08 cm cross section from Eucalyptus tereticornis logs of different girth classes. It was inferred that for this purpose, the logs should be classified into 40-99 cm and 100-149 cm girth classes.- Recovery of Scantlings from Eucalyptus Logs
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Indian Forester, Vol 112, No 6 (1986), Pagination: 491-502Abstract
A study was undertaken to work out the recovery of sawn scantlings after converting the logs of different girth classes of Eucalyptus hybrid. It was observed that the number of scantlings per log, number of scantlings per m2 of round timber and the per ceal recovery of sawn timber from round logs increases with increase in girth of logs. Study has suggested that eucalyptus timber should be graded according 10 girth classes 25-39 cm, 40-59 cm, 60-69 cm, 70-99 cm and 1OO-119 cm for correctly estimating the sawn out-turn in the form scantlings and also the price.- Low Cost Walk-in Type Seed Germinator
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Indian Forester, Vol 106, No 4 (1980), Pagination: 300-305Abstract
A simplified plan for a low cost walk-in type seed terminater is given. This germinator has heen designed and fabricated in this Institute with the locally available material. The germinator has been tested and found satisfactory for use, throughout the year, from 18°C to 35°C (± 10C) temperature. In all two hundred and sixteen germination trays of 46×30 cm size each can be arranged, at a time, for conducting germination tests.- Storage of Dendrocalamus strictus Nees, Seed for Maintenance of Viability and Vigour
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Indian Forester, Vol 104, No 10 (1978), Pagination: 688-695Abstract
°Dendrocalamus strictus flowers and fruits gregariously at intervals of 20 to 40 years. It's Seed retain their viability for a period of about one year only, and suitable methods of storage to prolong their viability is not known. The present study has brought out that Dendrocalamus strictus seed can be stored with advantage over silica gel or anhydrous Calcium chloride in desiccator or at 3°C to 5°C ambient temperature after reducing the seed Moisture content to 8%. A seed lot with 67% germination capacity stored under the above conditions exhibited 51, 54 and 59% germination respetively after 34 months study has also indicated the presence of after-ripening in the seed which is overcome by storage under favourable conditions.- Interrelated Effects of Temperature and Moisture on Seed Germination of Dendrocalamus strictus Nees
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Indian Forester, Vol 103, No 3 (1977), Pagination: 212-219Abstract
Effect of five constant and three alternating temperatures viz, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 20-30°C, 25-35°C and 30-40°C in combination with five moisture levels of substratuin viz. 25%, 50%.75%,100% and 125% was studied on the germination of Dendrocalamu striclamus seedss. It was observed that 30°C is the ideal temperature for germination since this brought out the maximum and quickest seed germination. 40°C was found to be detrimental for germination. 20°C was also not found to be favourable as the rate of germination at this temperature was slow. Alternating temperatures also did not record any edge over constant temperatures. Moisture status of substratum was loaud to be a controlling factor. 125% moisture at all temperatures proved fatal and 25% moistare in moot of the cases was observed to be insufficient to briDg in the desired level of Hydration. 5O to 75% moiature level was recorded to be the optimum.- A Low Cost Cabinet Type Seed Germinator
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Indian Forester, Vol 103, No 5 (1977), Pagination: 356-358Abstract
The article describes the cabinet type seed germinator designed and fabricated in the Seed Testing Laboratory of the Forest Research Institute. Dehra Dan, India. The germinator has been tested for its performance and found and satisfactory for use throughout the year from room temperature to 45°C (± 1°C).- Provenance Trial of Eucalyptus oamaldulensls Dehn
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Indian Forester, Vol 103, No 7 (1977), Pagination: 441-453Abstract
Eucalypius camaldulenasis has a wide range of distribution in Australis, and is very adaptive to different soil and climatic conditions. Provenance trials of this sipecies were undertaken at a number of centres in India including New Forest, Dehra Dun. Seeds of 12 provenances received from Australia were sown in the nursery and the seedlings raised from them were planted in Quartera block in July 1967. Periodical growth measurements of the plants were recorded and at the close of the experiment in 1975 data was also collected on the diameter of trees, weight of the main bole and branchwood and also the total weight of the leaves in respect of 7 provenances, 5 provenances which exhibited poor performance with regard to survival were not considered. Specific gravity of wood of these seven provenances was also worked out. Analysis of the data indicated that provenance S3 is significantly superior to the other proVenances Provenances S7, S3 and 51 showed significantly superior height and diameter growth and the total green weight of the trees compared to other provenances. A highly significant correlation coefficient between green weight of leaves and weight of total wood was found at 0.1 percent level of probability.- A Note on Twin Seedlings in Pterospermum acerifolium Willd.
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Indian Forester, Vol 103, No 10 (1977), Pagination: 679-679Abstract
no abstract- Variation in Stored Nutrients in Culms of Dendrocalamus strictus and their Effect on Rooting of Culm Cuttings as Influenced by the Method of Planting
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Indian Forester, Vol 102, No 4 (1976), Pagination: 235-241Abstract
This paper presents a study on correlation or seasonal variatlon in stored nutrients in culms of Dendrocalamus strictus Nees and the performance of culm cuttings as propagules. Statistical analysis of the data collected on seasonal variation in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and moisture content revealed that seasonal variation was significant for all elements except potassium. Besides this, nitrogen and phosphorus were found to exhibit a positive and significant correlation with vigour. The performance of the propagules also varied significantly with different months of planting. April was found to be the best month for the preparation of cuttings. The method of planting also was observed to have a significant influence on the performance of the propagules. Statistical analysis showed that vertical and oblique methods or planting which rail under the same bar is significantly different from the horizontal method at 0.1% level of probability.- Germination Response of some Forest Tree Seeds under Controlled Conditions
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Indian Forester, Vol 102, No 5 (1976), Pagination: 264-272Abstract
This paper deals with the fundamental and practical aspects of germination behaviour of seeds of a number of tree species. Variations in germination percentage under different conditions of temperature and media have been studied and the significance of these variations have been discussed. Based on these data, geermination test rules have also been framed for eleven species of forest tree seed which were not included in earlier publications.- Estimanon of Potential Germinability of Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f) Fruits from Twenty Three Indian Sources by Cutting Test
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Indian Forester, Vol 102, No 11 (1976), Pagination: 808-813Abstract
Mass collected teak fruits from twenty three sources received from the forest departments of fine states of India were studied for relative seededness and emptinesea. The study revealed that the emptiness varies from one source to another, and also that the number of seeds in teak fruits range from 0 to 4. It is also observed that frequency of distribution of one seeded fruits is the highest, followed by the fruits with two seeds. Three seeded fruits are still less frequent and four seeded ones very rare.- Presowing Treatment of Black Wattle (Acacia mearnsii De Wild.) and Australian Blackwood (Acacia melonoxylon R. Br.) Seed.
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Indian Forester, Vol 100, No 12 (1974), Pagination: 733-735Abstract
Seeds of Black wattle and Australian blackwood are hardcoated and when sown in the laboratory for routine germination test or in the nursery without suitable pretreatment result in poor germination. Methods in vogue for the pretreament of these seeds prescribe steeping seeds in hot water for periods varying from 12 to 24 hours or stirring in concentrated sulphuric acid for 1 hour. Present investigation indicates that 5 minutes steeping of seeds in hot water is sufficient to break the dormancy of hard coated seeds of these species.- Tetrazolium Staining of Seeds for Interpretation of Viability of Six Indian Tree Species
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Indian Forester, Vol 101, No 11 (1975), Pagination: 659-673Abstract
This paper deals with the standardisation of viability test by tetrazolium staining in respect of six Indian tree species viz., Alibizia lebbeck, Albizia procera, Albizia chinensis, Cassia fistula, Cassia nodosa and Pinus roxburghii. Tetrazolium staining is a dependable and accepted biochemical method for testing the inherent germination capacity of a seed lot. This is especially important in forest seeds which take much longer time to germinate or exhibit varying types of dormancy. When soaked in TTZ solution, seeds receive red colour in various patterns depending upon the occurrence of living tissues in them. Attempt has been made to identify viable and non-viable categories of seeds and to standardize the method for their interpretation.- Factors Affecting Germination Behaviour of Teak Seeds of Eighteen Indian Origins
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